Pressure-controlling mechanism.



H. T. HERR.

PRESSURE CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

{\PPLICATION FILED AUG. 11, x91'0.

1,1 85,3 1 7 Patented May 30, 1916.

' a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I INVENTOR.

38 Mwl 31mm IS TTdRNEYIN FACT.

WITNESSES} WITN SE H. T. HERR.

PRESSURE CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 11. 1910.

Patented May 30, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

4 INVENTOR.

BY 1s ATTORNEY IN FACT.

H. T. HERR. PRESSURE CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. II, 1910.

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. UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

HERBERT T. HER-R, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE WESTINGHOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, OF EAST PITTSBURGH,PENNSYLVANIA, A- CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

PRESSURE-CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1916.

Application filed August 11, 1910. Serial No. 576,737.

and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention inPressure-Controlling Mechanism, of which the following is aspecification. v

This invention relates to pressure controlling mechanism and one objectis to provide means whereby fractional pressure or any pressure fromzero to'maximum may be admitted from a source of supply to a suiti oiepressure receiving means, asfor example, a pressure receiving chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide-means whereby a determinedpressure will be automatically maintained in the pressure receivingchamber. The determined pressure will be maintained irrespective ofleakage either through the inlet to the receiving chamber or from theoutlet.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby thecontroller may be manually operated to be set for any determinedpressure exhausted from the source of supply to the receiving means.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be referred tohereinafter, it being understood that changes in form, proportion andminor details of construction may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

In the drawings: Figure 1 represents a more or less diagrammatical viewof an installation embodying my invention; Fig. 2 represents a"vertical, longitudinal sectional view through a controller constructedin accordance with my invention; Fig. 3 is a sectionalyiew on the line3-3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 44 of Fig. 2.

In order to,-, convey a comprehensive idea of one of the uses of mycontroller and its operation, I have illustrated it as being associatedwith a speed responsive device in which air is used to load the weightcarrying spindle to counteract the effect of the weights, thecentrifugal force imparted to them and the effect of the spring of thespeed responsive device. The speed responsive device illustrated in thiscase is described in detail in a companion application filed by me on orabout July 16, 1910, Serial No. 572,302, so I have deemed it unnecessaryto include a detailed description.

of it here and will include only so much as is necessary to show thecooperative relation between the device to be operated and thecontroller.

In Figs. 1 and 2, I have illustrated one embodiment of a controllerconstructed in accordance with my invention and the form herein shownconsists of a chamber 5 provided With an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 pro-.

vided with a pipe 7 leading to a pressure actuated device. inder 5vis apiston guide 8 to receive a Iongitudinally' moving piston 9 normallyextended in one direction by means of a spring 10, one end of whichbears against a spring seat at the end 11 of the cylinder 5 and theother end of which bears against a disk 12 on the end of the piston rod13, which may extend through the end 11 of the cylinder 5 to be guidedthereby, the'disk 12 having a lug or projection 14 to provide a pointcontact with the inner face of the piston 9.

'By reference to Fig. 2, it will be observed that in the form shown theinlet 6 is annular, that is, it is provided by the inner wall of thecylinder 5 and the exterior of the piston 9. Adjacent to the cylinder 5is an air chest 15 having an inlet port '16 communicating with asuitable'source of supply, as for example, a reservoir 17 through thepipe 18. The outlet or exhaust for the air chest 15 is shown at 19 sothat air passing into the chest through the port 16 may pass through theport 19 into the cylinder 5. In order .to control the delivery of airthrough the has within it ports 25, 26, 27 and 28. The

At one end of the cy1-' ports 25 and 27 are normally closed orapproximately closed by a piston valve 29 connected to the piston 9 by afinger 30. The slide valve 20 is provided with a pocket or recess 31,which approximately coincides with a similar one 32, here shown as beingformed in the wall of the chamber 5 and these two recesses receive afinger illustrated as a cam 33 on the shaft 34 extendingthrough the wallof the cylinder 5 and moving against the rollers 34. On the shaft 34 isa controller lever 35 carrying a friction dog 36 to frictionally engagea segment 37 adjacent thereto and which may be provided with suitablegraduations or a scale whereby the lever 35 may be moved to the properposition, with respect to the segment, to insure proper increments ofspeed of the motor carrying the speed responsive device, or so thatsuitable pressure will be maintained in the cylinder 5.

The finger 33 need not necessarily be a cam, but when the controller isemployed in conjunction with a speed responsive device, I find it isdesirable to employ a cam of the contour illustrated, because thepressure from the pipe 7 into the cylinder 38 of the speed responsivedevice 39 will vary directly as the pressure in the cylinder 5 and theresistance opposed to the weights carried by the piston or spindle 40will be directly proportional to the pressure in the cylinder 38;whereas the force acting against the piston 40 and the pressure under itwill be proportional to the square of the speeds of the weights, so themovements of the valve 20 must be proportionally increased forprogressive increased increments of, speed of the governor or speedresponsivedgevice. In other words, the progressive movements of thehandle may give any desired variation in speed of the governedapparatus. In the apparatus illustrated the segment 37 is so graduatedthat the scale indicates the revolutions per minute of the machine orengine connected to the governor, and the operating faces of the cam areconstructed accordingly; that is, so that equal increments of motion ofthe handle 35 along the scale will cause equal variations in the speedof the governed apparatus. It will be apparent from this that the cam isemployed merely because its operating faces can be easily constructed toproduce the required motion of the valve 20.

the piston or spindle In apparatus, in which the scale is graduated toindicate the variations of pressure, within the chamber 5, any suitableconnection may be employed between the handle 35 and the valve 20.

Besides the cylinder 38 and the piston 40,

the speed responsive device 39 may briefly be described as follows:Within the bearing 41 s a spring 42,0ne end of which bears agalnst oneend of the bearing and the other end of which bears against a shoulderon 40. Surrounding the I and both bearing 41 is a sleeve'43 carrying agear 44 which meshes with a gear 45 on the governor shaft 46. The end ofthe sleeve 43 distant from the gear 44 is provided with a collar 47 towhich the links 48 of the governor weights 49 are connected. On thespindle 40 is a collar 50 to which the links 51 of the governor weights49 are secured. Fast to the spindle 40 is a collar 52, which, when thepiston spindle is raised, will raise the collar 50 and bring theweights49 toward their axis of rotation and when the piston drops, theweights will move out. The piston spindle 40 is connected to alever 53which may have connection with suitable devices to .be operated, as forexample, the oil relay of a valve mechanism.

Referring now to Fig. 1 and assuming that all of the parts are properlyassembled, the operation of'the device is as follows: Inasmuch as thechest 15 is in open communication with the reservoir 17, pressure may beintroducedinto the chamber 5 by moving the valve 20. By moving the lever35 from right to left the slide valve will be moved from left to right.The piston valve 29 will remain immovable so that air may pass from theair chest through the port 25 through the ports 26 and 19 into thecylinder 5 through the inlet port 6. The distance the lever 35 is movedalong the segment 37 will determine the size of the port area uncoveredand will determine the amount of pressure admitted into the chamber 5.lVhen the desired amount of pressure is admitted into the chamber 5,pressure will be exerted against the piston 9 so that the piston valve29 will be moved from left to right to close the port 25 and shut offcommunication between the air chest and the chamber 5. Should thepressure drop in the chamher 5, the piston will move from right to leftand uncover the port 25 long enough to admit air through the ports 25,26, 19 and 6 to cause a pressure to rise in the chamber 5 to move thepiston 9 against the spring and thus close the port 25. If the pressurein the chamber 5 is excessive, the piston valve 29 will not only bemoved to close the port 25. but it will be moved far enough to uncoverthe port 27 and permit some of the pressure to exhaust through the port27 into the port 28 and into the chamber formed by the recesses 31 and32, whence the air may exhaust to atmosphere, as for example, throughthe slot 54. If there happens to be an excess pressure in the chamber 5and the piston 9 is moved far enough in one direction to cause thepiston valve 29 to uncover the port 27, as soon as the pressure hasdropped enough the piston 9 will move back from right to'left so as toclose the port 27 ports 25 and 27 may be closed so long as thedetermined pressure in the chamber 5 is maintained. In actual practice,however, it may be found that the piston 9 is very sensitive and thatthere will be almost constantly a vibration of the valve 29 to firstopen and then shut off communication between the chest and the chamber5.;

nism heretofore described, and that the;

speed of the governed apparatus will be maintained approximately at thespeed indi cated by the position of the lever 35 relative to thegraduated segment 37. It is to be understood that although I have shownthe controller as being adapted for use in connection with a speedresponsive device, it does not follow that this is necessarily acontroller to be operated in connection with such a mechanism; it beingobvious that broadly, the invention consists of mechanism fordetermining the amount of pressure passing from one source to an-' otherand means for maintaining the determined pressure constant.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: v

1. In a device of the character described, a chamber having a fluiddelivery port communicating therewith, a hollow movable member coveringthe port and provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid exhaust passage,

means for establishing or cutting off communication between saiddelivery port and the inlet or exhaust passage, and means movableinresponse to variatlons 1n presf sure within said chamber for actuatingsaid last mentioned means.

2. In a pressure controller, a pressure chamber, having an inlet portand a pressure delivery port, a chamber communicating with a source ofsubstantially constant pressure, an exhaust port, port controlling meansfor placing said inlet port in com- Lmunication with said last mentionedchamber or with said exhaust port, and means responsive to the pressurewithin said pres-' .a passage communicating with a source ofsubstantially constant pressure, an exhaust port, port controlling meansfor placing said inlet port in communication with said passage or saidexhaust port, and means eming the exhaust port and opening the ex-'vhaust port and closing the inlet port in the sliding member.

6. In a pressure controller, a pressure chamber having an inlet and adelivery port, a manually controlled member having a fluid delivery portand an exhaust port, capable of being placed in communication with theinlet port of the pressure chamber, and a valve, responsive in operationto the pressure within the pressure chamber for controllingcommunication between said inlet port and the delivery and exhaust portsof said member.

. 7. A pressure controller comprising a pressure chamber having an inletport and a fluid delivery port, a source of constant pressurecommunicating with the inlet port, an exhaust port, a valve forcontrolling communication between said inlet port and said source ofconstant pressure and said exhaust port, and a pressure responsivepiston located within the chamber for actuating the valve.

8. In a pressure controller, a pressure chamber having an inlet port anda delivery port, a passage communicating with a source of substantiallyconstant pressure and with said inlet port, an exhaust port, and valvemembers for controlling communication between said inlet port, saidpassage and said exhaust port, one of said valve mpmbers being movablewith relation to the ot ier.

9. In apressure controller, a pressure I .10. In a pressure controller,a chamber having an inlet and an outlet port, a movable hollow memberprovided with an open-.

ing communicating with the inlet port, an-

automatic valve for controlling the delivery offluid through the openingin saidelement, means responsive to pressure within said chamber forcontrolling the operation of said automatic valve and means for movingsaid element relatively to said automatic valve and for thereby varyingthe pressure within said chamber.

'11.. In a pressure controller, a chamber having an inlet and an outletport, a movable member provided with an opening communicating with saidinlet port, an automatic valve for controlling the delivery of fluidthrough the opening in the member, a pressure actuated piston responsiveto pressure within said chamber for actuating said automatic valve andmeans for moving said member independently of said automatic- 'having acommon inlet and outlet port, a

valve seat having two ports, each adapted at times to communicate withsaid common port, a valve member for alternately open ing one port andclosing the other, the movement of the valve member being dependent uponthe pressure within said chamber and a spring motor acting on saidmember in gpposition to the pressure within said chamer.

14. In a pressure controller, a pressure chamber provided with a port, adisplacer piston within said chamber, a spring for opposing the motionof said piston in response to the pressure within said chamber, amanually movable member having an inlet port, communicating with asource of fluid under substantially constant pressure, an exhaust. port,and a port communicating with the port of said pressure chamber, and avalve controlled by said piston for controlling communication betweenthe port of said pressure chamber, and the inlet and exhaust port ofsaid member. 7

15. In a pressure controller, an air chamber provided with a port and inoperative connection with a device adapted to be acted upon by differentpressures, a displacer pis-' ton within said chamber, a motor theefl'ectiveness of which is independent of the leakage from said chamberpast said piston for yieldingly resisting the movement "of said pistonby the pressure within said chamber,

a source of air under pressure, a valve device interposed between saidsource and said port and operatively connected to said piston forcontrolling the passage of air through said port either from said sourceof supply to said chamber or from said chamber to the atmosphere andmanually operated means acting in conjunction with said valve device fordetermining the air pressure within said chamber.

16. A controller comprising a casing inclosing a pressure chamberprovided with a pressure delivery port and a fluid inlet port, a singlevalve for controlling the admission to and the delivery of fluid fromsaid fluid inlet port, and manually adjustable means for controlling theeffective operation of the valve.

17. A controller for delivering variable fluid pressures, comprisinga'chamber having a pressure inlet port and a fluid delivery port, achamber communicating with a source of substantially constant pressureand with said inlet port, a discharge port, a single valve forcontrolling communication between said chambers and for controllingthedelivering of fluid to said discharge port, and a piston responsive tovariations of pressure within said first mentioned chamber for actuatingsaid valve.

18. A controller for delivering variable pressure, comprising a chamberhaving a pressure delivery port and a fluid inlet port, a second chambercommunicating with said inletport to contain fluid at substantiallyconstant pressure, a discharge port, a valve mechanism for controllingcommunication between said chambers through said inlet port andcommunication between the first mentioned chamber and'the dischargeport, a piston responsive to' variations of pressure within said firstmentioned chamber for actuating the valve mechanism and manuallycontrolled means varying the operation of said valve mechanism.

19 .A controller comprising a casing inclos'ing a pressure chamberhaving a pressure delivery port and a fluid inlet port, a source ofsubstantially constant fluid pressure, a valve for controllingcommunication between said source of pressure and the fluid inlet portand between said port and a fluid discharge port with which the casingis pro- 'vided, means responsive to variations of pressure in thechamber for actuating said valve, and a manually movable seat for saidvalve for controlling the operation of said valve. r y

20. A controller comprising a casing inclosing a pressure chamberprovided with a pressure delivery port and a fluid inlet port, a sourceof substantially constant fluid pressure, a manually adjustable portedslide located between' the source of pressure and said fluid inlet port,and an exhaust port with which the casing is provided, a valve,responsive to variations of pressure in sand chamber, mounted on saidslide and con- ;'trolling communicatlon'between said source of pressure,said fluid inlet, and said exhaust p 21. A' controller comprislng acasing inclosing a pressure chamber provided with a pressure deliveryport and a fluid inlet port, a source of substantially constantpressure, a reducing valve between said source and said fluid inlet portfor delivering pressure to and discharging pressure from said chamher,and manually adjustable means for varying the operation of the valve.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 10th dayof August, 1910.

. HERBERT T. HERR.

Witnesses:

E. W. McCALLIsTER, JOHN A. ELDEN.

